ABSTRACT
Covid-19 is unpredictable evolutionary discipline which requires continuous advancements for its appropriate Detection and Classifications which can be helpful for bio-medical stream. In this research, two dimensions are covered that is detection and classification using self-proposed 2 stage learning detector. Detection of different variants of Covid-19 are performed using images of CT-Scan and X-Rays of effected lungs. Furthermore, classification of different variants is carried out. Dataset of 27000 indigenous images were used for detection and classification purposed. Moreover, in depth survey and comparison is carried out with state-of-the-art Yolo v5 single state detector and Faster R-CNN 2 stage detector. Accuracy analysis of self-proposed 2 stage detector was 91.66% and 87.9% for detection and classification in comparison with YOLOv5 which had accuracy of 92.8% and 87.175% for detection and classification. Moreover, in comparison with Faster R-CNN which had accuracy of 94.8% and 87% The training analysis was performed on Nvidia T4 (16GB GDDR6). Self-proposed MNN-2 superseded Yolov5 and faster R-CNN in real time video analysis with least real time rate at FPS 30 at duration of 72 min video. © 2022 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: This study describes three surges of COVID-19 hypoxemic respiratory failure and our experience with using iCPAP in patients with cardiovascular diseases at a tertiary cardiac care centre. Methodology: This observational study was conducted from March 23rd 2020 to May 31st 2021, analysis of data from the PRICE Network Registry. Data was collected for all adult patients with cardiovascular diseases admitted with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and a confirmed Results: Among 362 patients with 'severe' or 'critical' COVID-19 were hospitalized;163 (45%) in the 1st surge, 92 (25.4%) in the 2nd and 107 (29.6 %) in the 3rd surge. All-cause mortality was 118 (32.6%). iCPAP was used in 39% (141) patients, 19% (69) patients required oxygen only, 25.4% (92) were on BiPAP support and 16.6% (60) were intubated. 'iCPAP failure' occurred in 48/141 (34%) patients. iCPAP failure occurred in patients with higher APACHE II scores (16.3 +/- 5.7 v/s 21.3 +/- 6, p <= 0.001), lower ROX index on admission (5.0 +/- 2.2 vs. 10.4 +/- 5.4, p <= 0.001), lesser degree of improvement in ROX index at 48 hours (Day 3 ROX 18.7 +/- 8.9 vs. 9.9 +/- 6.3, p <= 0.001). Mortality rate on iCPAP was 44 (31.2%). Conclusion: COVID-19 outcomes in a resource-limited setting in patients having cardiovascular diseases, appear comparable to global reports. A modification of standard CPAP (iCPAP) appeared to be safe and effective. This modification of standard CPAP (iCPAP) identifies an option for resource-limited or resource-exhausted critical care units.
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus consists of single-stranded, enveloped and RNA virus, largest genome among all RNA viruses and has 4 proteins i.e. envelope, spike, nucleocapsid and membrane. Coronaviruses are classified into 4 genera: Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus, Gammacoronavirus and Deltacoronavirus. Betacoronavirus most probably originated from bats and the virus may have jumped to avian species and evolved as Deltacoronavirus group. The avian coronaviruses jumped among other avian species, giving rise to Gammacoronavirus from Deltacoronavirus, while Betacoronavirus may have given rise to Alphacoronavirus. It is known that SARS-CoV-2 belongs to Betacoronavirus. This most similar virus is verified in bat and Malayan Pangolin. Analysis showed that SARS-CoV-2 most probably originated by recombination of both bat and pangolin viruses. Viral protein seroconversion and viral specific nucleotide positive documented in all COVID-19 patients tested provides confirmation of a link between the presence of this virus and the disease.
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus consists of single-stranded, enveloped and RNA virus, largest genome among all RNA viruses and has 4 proteins i.e. envelope, spike, nucleocapsid and membrane. Coronaviruses are classified into 4 genera: Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus, Gammacoronavirus and Deltacoronavirus. Betacoronavirus most probably originated from bats and the virus may have jumped to avian species and evolved as Deltacoronavirus group. The avian coronaviruses jumped among other avian species, giving rise to Gammacoronavirus from Deltacoronavirus, while Betacoronavirus may have given rise to Alphacoronavirus. It is known that SARS-CoV-2 belongs to Betacoronavirus. This most similar virus is verified in bat and Malayan Pangolin. Analysis showed that SARS-CoV-2 most probably originated by recombination of both bat and pangolin viruses. Viral protein seroconversion and viral specific nucleotide positive documented in all COVID-19 patients tested provides confirmation of a link between the presence of this virus and the disease. Copyright 2022 by the authors.
ABSTRACT
Our workshop aims to bring together researchers and practitioners across disciplines in HCI who share an interest in promoting well-being through tangible interaction. The workshop forms an impassioned response to the worldwide push towards more digital and remote interaction in nearly all domains of our lives in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. One question we raise is: to what extent will measures like remote interaction remain in place post-pandemic, and to what extent these changes may influence future agendas for the design of interactive products and services to support living well? We aim to ensure that the workshop serves as a space for diverse participants to share ideas and engage in cooperative discussions through hands-on activities resulting in the co-creation of a Manifesto to demonstrate the importance of embodied and sensory interaction for supporting well-being in a post-pandemic context. All the workshop materials will be published online on the workshop website and disseminated through ongoing collaboration. © 2022 Owner/Author.
ABSTRACT
Aims The COVID-19 pandemic has had an enormous impact on elective surgical activity worldwide;however, its effect on emergency surgical referrals and admissions is not well documented. Understanding the volume and nature of such presentations is key to future resource allocation and guideline creation. Methods Surgical handovers from a 9-week period from the commencement of the first government restriction of non-essential travel (March 8th-May 10th 2020) were studied. A corresponding time period of usual surgical activity (March 10th-12th May 2019) was studied for comparison. Results During the pandemic period, 447 referrals (mean age 54, 4.9% COVID-19 positive) were received representing a 16.5% decrease compared to 2019 (n=521). The most common referral in each period was abdominal pain (n=255 vs 259). The duration of symptoms prior to admission and overall number of traumas did not differ between the periods. Fewer referrals for traumatic brain injuries and polytraumas and more symptomatic hernias, cellulitis and blocked/dislodged lines/tubes were seen during the pandemic. Conclusion The volume of surgical referrals and admissions was significantly decreased during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Traumas and abdominal pain were unaffected. An increase in several referrals for which patients would typically visit their general practitioner or have an expedited hospital appointment was seen.
ABSTRACT
Late in 2020, two genetically-distinct clusters of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with mutations of biological concern were reported, one in the United Kingdom and one in South Africa. Using a combination of data from routine surveillance, genomic sequencing and international travel we track the international dispersal of lineages B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 (variant 501Y-V2). We account for potential biases in genomic surveillance efforts by including passenger volumes from location of where the lineage was first reported, London and South Africa respectively. Using the software tool grinch (global report investigating novel coronavirus haplotypes), we track the international spread of lineages of concern with automated daily reports, Further, we have built a custom tracking website (cov-lineages.org/global_report.html) which hosts this daily report and will continue to include novel SARS-CoV-2 lineages of concern as they are detected.
ABSTRACT
Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that can be transmitted from one person to another. Earlier strains have only been mild viruses, but the current form, known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has become a deadly infection. The outbreak originated in Wuhan, China, and has since spread worldwide. The symptoms of COVID-19 include a dry cough, sore throat, fever, and nasal congestion. Antimicrobial drugs, pathogen-host interaction, and 2 weeks of isolation have been recommended for the treatment of the infection. Safe operating procedures, such as the use of face masks, hand sanitizer, handwashing with soap, and social distancing, are also suggested. Moreover, travel bans for cities, states, and countries have been put in place, along with lockdowns to control the outbreak. Travel restrictions, mask use, sanitizer or soap use, and avoidance of touching the face and nose have produced encouraging results, whereas the effectiveness of antibiotics has not been proved. The results of isolation for the recovery of infected people have also been promising. Travel bans and lockdowns have caused a slump in economies, and unemployment has risen sharply, resulting in an increase in mental health cases globally. To date, vaccines have been developed and are in use in certain countries, but following standard operating procedures remain critical. The countries following the guidelines can eradicate this virus. New Zealand was the first country to eliminate the virus from their territory.
ABSTRACT
An outbreak of coronavirus caused by a novel virus called SARS-CoV-2 occurred at the end of 2019. The unexpected outbreak and unchecked global spread of COVID19 indicate that the current global healthcare networks have limitations in addressing the crises for public safety. The detection of infected or tested patients globally is challenging when patients travel abroad. As such, innovative technology such as blockchain has emerged as a potential approach for addressing coronavirus patient tracking. Blockchain technology can tackle pandemics by allowing early detection of outbreaks, protecting individual privacy while maintaining data security by using smart contracts. Motivated by these facts, we propose a novel blockchain-based framework that integrates intercountry for COVID-19 to track infected or tested patients globally using the methodology of design science research. The proposed framework could help governments, aviation industries, health authorities, and residents make essential decisions on infection identification, infection prediction, and infection prevention. © 2020 IEEE.